green numbers give full details.
|
back to list of philosophers
|
expand these ideas
Ideas of Zeno (Citium), by Text
[Greek, 334 - 262 BCE, Born at Citium, Cyprus. Taught by Polemo. Dissatisfied with other Athenian schools, founded the Stoics, meeting in the Stoa Poikile.]
|
|
p.8
|
20770
|
Philosophy has three parts, studying nature, character, and rational discourse [Diog. Laertius]
|
|
|
p.40
|
20799
|
A grasp by the senses is true, because it leaves nothing out, and so nature endorses it [Cicero]
|
|
|
p.40
|
20797
|
If a grasped perception cannot be shaken by argument, it is 'knowledge' [Cicero]
|
|
|
p.42
|
20801
|
A wise man's chief strength is not being tricked; nothing is worse than error, frivolity or rashness [Cicero]
|
|
|
p.55
|
20807
|
The cosmos and heavens are the substance of god [Diog. Laertius]
|
|
|
p.62
|
20810
|
Rational is better than non-rational; the cosmos is supreme, so it is rational
|
|
|
p.63
|
20811
|
Since the cosmos produces what is alive and rational, it too must be alive and rational
|
|
|
p.81
|
7555
|
Zeno achieved the statement of the problems of infinitesimals, infinity and continuity [Russell]
|
|
|
p.86
|
20816
|
A body is required for anything to have causal relations [Cicero]
|
|
|
p.88
|
20822
|
There is no void in the cosmos, but indefinite void outside it [Ps-Plutarch]
|
|
|
p.113
|
20841
|
Zeno said live in agreement with nature, which accords with virtue [Diog. Laertius]
|
|
|
p.113
|
21395
|
One of Zeno's books was 'That Which is Appropriate' [Long]
|
|
|
p.124
|
20860
|
Whatever participates in substance exists [Stobaeus]
|
|
|
p.126
|
21397
|
Perception an open hand, a fist is 'grasping', and holding that fist is knowledge [Long]
|
|
|
p.132
|
20863
|
The goal is to 'live in agreement', according to one rational consistent principle [Stobaeus]
|
|
|
p.132
|
2648
|
Things are more perfect if they have reason; nothing is more perfect than the universe, so it must have reason
|
|
|
p.132
|
2649
|
If tuneful flutes grew on olive trees, you would assume the olive had some knowledge of the flute
|
|
|
p.203
|
6022
|
Someone who says 'it is day' proposes it is day, and it is true if it is day [Diog. Laertius]
|
|
|
p.267
|
1770
|
When a slave said 'It was fated that I should steal', Zeno replied 'Yes, and that you should be beaten' [Diog. Laertius]
|
|
|
p.268
|
1771
|
When shown seven versions of the mowing argument, he paid twice the asking price for them [Diog. Laertius]
|
|
|
p.280
|
1773
|
A sentence always has signification, but a word by itself never does [Diog. Laertius]
|
|
|
p.291
|
1774
|
Since we are essentially rational animals, living according to reason is living according to nature [Diog. Laertius]
|
|
|
p.386
|
3799
|
A dog tied to a cart either chooses to follow and is pulled, or it is just pulled [Hippolytus]
|
|
|
p.425
|
5964
|
Zeno says there are four main virtues, which are inseparable but distinct [Plutarch]
|
|
|
p.447
|
2662
|
Zeno saw virtue as a splendid state, not just a source of splendid action [Cicero]
|
|
|
p.449
|
21402
|
Incorporeal substances can't do anything, and can't be acted upon either [Cicero]
|
|
|
p.541
|
21398
|
A presentation is true if we judge that no false presentation could appear like it [Cicero]
|